食物過敏與異位性皮膚炎：他們是如何扯上關係的？

此文獻發表於2011年

食物過敏主要影響兒童之異位性皮膚炎更甚於成人。已知早期食物敏感與異位性皮膚炎有顯著性關聯。

已定義異位性皮膚炎患者，在臨床上有三種不同的食物過敏原反應模式：1)立刻出現症狀2)單獨出現溼疹的延遲型反應3)綜合性反應。

然而在兒童身上，從牛奶、雞蛋、黃豆、小麥、魚、花生或堅果中來的過敏原是主要導致過敏反應的源頭。樺樹花粉相關的食物過敏在中歐及北歐地區青少年與成人身上，似乎扮演異位性皮膚炎的主要角色。

在表皮淺層過敏原暴露測試中，表皮屏障功能的缺損似乎會促進對過敏原敏感的進程。腸道屏障缺損與遺傳基因特徵是否促進食物過敏，需要進一步證實。

許多文獻聚焦於充足的預防策略，其包括哺育母乳或在新生兒前四個月餵食水解配方。


Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2011 Aug;11(4):284-91.
Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: how are they connected?
Heratizadeh A, Wichmann K, Werfel T.
Source
Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Ricklinger Str. 5, 30449, Hannover, Germany. heratizadeh.annice@mh-hannover.de
Abstract
Food allergy predominantly affects children rather than adults with atopic dermatitis (AD). Early food sensitization has been found to be significantly associated with AD. Three different patterns of clinical reactions to food allergens in AD patients have been identified: 1) immediate-type symptoms, 2) isolated eczematous late-type reactions, and 3) combined reactions. Whereas in children, allergens from cow's milk, hen's egg, soy, wheat, fish, peanut, or tree nuts are primarily responsible for allergic reactions, birch pollen-related food allergens seem to play a major role in adolescent and adults with AD in Central and Northern Europe. Defects in the epidermal barrier function seem to facilitate the development of sensitization to allergens following epicutaneous exposure. The relevance of defects in the gut barrier as well as genetic characteristics associated with an increased risk of food allergy remain to be further investigated. Many studies focus on sufficient strategies of prevention, which actually include breastfeeding or feeding with hydrolyzed formula during the first 4 months of life.
PMID: 21614611

來源：http://abstrans110207.pixnet.net/blog/post/83717725